diff --git a/CHANGES.md b/CHANGES.md
index 0bed884..be27c3f 100644
--- a/CHANGES.md
+++ b/CHANGES.md
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ This is a snapshot of ongoing development towards version of 1.5.  Some features
 
 - New document ***Bluetooth-KISS-TNC.pdf*** explaining how to use KISS over Bluetooth.
 
+- decode_aprs utility can now accept KISS frames and AX.25 frames as series of two digit hexadecimal numbers.
+
 ### Bugs Fixed: ###
 
 - Little spelling errors in messages ????
diff --git a/Makefile.linux b/Makefile.linux
index 5d45380..72bafd4 100644
--- a/Makefile.linux
+++ b/Makefile.linux
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 # Makefile for Linux version of Dire Wolf.
 #
 
+
+
+
 APPS := direwolf decode_aprs text2tt tt2text ll2utm utm2ll aclients atest log2gpx gen_packets ttcalc
 
 all :  $(APPS) direwolf.desktop direwolf.conf
@@ -259,6 +262,16 @@ endif
 CFLAGS += -DUSE_ALSA
 LDFLAGS += -lasound
 
+ifeq ($(wildcard /usr/include/pthread.h),)
+$(error /usr/include/pthread.h does not exist.  Install it with "sudo apt-get install libc6-dev" or "sudo yum install libc6-dev" )
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(USE_ALSA),)
+ifeq ($(wildcard /usr/include/alsa/asoundlib.h),)
+$(error /usr/include/alsa/asoundlib.h does not exist.  Install it with "sudo apt-get install libasound2-dev" or "sudo yum install libasound2-dev" )
+endif
+endif
+
 
 # Enable GPS if header file is present.
 # Finding libgps.so* is more difficult because it
@@ -355,7 +368,9 @@ tocalls-symbols :
 
 # Separate application to decode raw data.
 
-decode_aprs : decode_aprs.c dwgpsnmea.o dwgps.o dwgpsd.o serial_port.o symbols.o ax25_pad.o textcolor.o fcs_calc.o latlong.o log.o telemetry.o tt_text.o misc.a
+# First two use .c rather than .o because they depend on DECAMAIN definition.
+
+decode_aprs : decode_aprs.c kiss_frame.c  dwgpsnmea.o dwgps.o dwgpsd.o serial_port.o symbols.o ax25_pad.o textcolor.o fcs_calc.o latlong.o log.o telemetry.o tt_text.o misc.a
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -DDECAMAIN -o $@ $^ $(LDFLAGS)
 
 
@@ -638,7 +653,8 @@ install-conf : direwolf.conf
 	cp -n telemetry-toolkit/telem-*.conf ~
 ifneq ($(wildcard $(HOME)/Desktop),)
 	@echo " "
-	@echo "This will add a desktop icon on some systems:"
+	@echo "This will add a desktop icon on some systems."
+	@echo "This is known to work on Raspberry Pi but might not be compatible with other desktops."
 	@echo " "
 	@echo "        make install-rpi"
 	@echo " "
diff --git a/Makefile.macosx b/Makefile.macosx
index ee9e42e..c28a8f1 100644
--- a/Makefile.macosx
+++ b/Makefile.macosx
@@ -430,7 +430,9 @@ install-conf : direwolf.conf
 
 # Separate application to decode raw data.
 
-decode_aprs : decode_aprs.c dwgpsnmea.o dwgps.o dwgpsd.o serial_port.o symbols.o ax25_pad.o textcolor.o fcs_calc.o latlong.o log.o telemetry.o tt_text.o
+# First two use .c rather than .o because they depend on DECAMAIN definition.
+
+decode_aprs : decode_aprs.c kiss_frame.c  dwgpsnmea.o dwgps.o dwgpsd.o serial_port.o symbols.o ax25_pad.o textcolor.o fcs_calc.o latlong.o log.o telemetry.o tt_text.o
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -DDECAMAIN -o $@ $^ -lm
 
 # Convert between text and touch tone representation.
diff --git a/Makefile.win b/Makefile.win
index 95e94d6..1a49554 100644
--- a/Makefile.win
+++ b/Makefile.win
@@ -159,7 +159,9 @@ tocalls-symbols :
 
 # Separate application to decode raw data.
 
-decode_aprs : decode_aprs.c dwgpsnmea.o dwgps.o serial_port.o symbols.o ax25_pad.o textcolor.o fcs_calc.o latlong.o log.o telemetry.o tt_text.c regex.a misc.a geotranz.a
+# First two use .c rather than .o because they depend on DECAMAIN definition.
+
+decode_aprs : decode_aprs.c kiss_frame.c dwgpsnmea.o dwgps.o serial_port.o symbols.o ax25_pad.o textcolor.o fcs_calc.o latlong.o log.o telemetry.o tt_text.o regex.a misc.a geotranz.a
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -DDECAMAIN -o decode_aprs $^
 
 
diff --git a/ax25_pad.c b/ax25_pad.c
index 37bc316..bbf2561 100644
--- a/ax25_pad.c
+++ b/ax25_pad.c
@@ -760,12 +760,18 @@ int ax25_parse_addr (int position, char *in_addr, int strict, char *out_addr, in
 	maxlen = strict ? 6 : (AX25_MAX_ADDR_LEN-1);
 	p = in_addr;
 	i = 0;
-	for (p = in_addr; isalnum(*p); p++) {
+	for (p = in_addr; *p != '\0' && *p != '-'; p++) {
 	  if (i >= maxlen) {
 	    text_color_set(DW_COLOR_ERROR);
 	    dw_printf ("%sAddress is too long. \"%s\" has more than %d characters.\n", position_name[position], in_addr, maxlen);
 	    return 0;
 	  }
+	  if ( ! isalnum(*p)) {
+	    text_color_set(DW_COLOR_ERROR);
+	    dw_printf ("%sAddress, \"%s\" contains character other than letter or digit in character position %d.\n", position_name[position], in_addr, (int)(long)(p-in_addr)+1);
+	    return 0;
+	  }
+
 	  out_addr[i++] = *p;
 	  out_addr[i] = '\0';
 	  if (strict && islower(*p)) {
@@ -1257,13 +1263,22 @@ void ax25_get_addr_with_ssid (packet_t this_p, int n, char *station)
 	  return;
 	}
 
-	memset (station, 0, 7);
-	for (i=0; i<6; i++) {
-	  unsigned char ch;
+	// At one time this would stop at the first space, on the assumption we would have only trailing spaces.
+	// Then there was a forum discussion where someone encountered the address " WIDE2" with a leading space.
+	// In that case, we would have returned a zero length string here.
+	// Now we return exactly what is in the address field and trim trailing spaces.
+	// This will provide better information for troubleshooting.
 
-	  ch = (this_p->frame_data[n*7+i] >> 1) & 0x7f;
-	  if (ch <= ' ') break;
-	  station[i] = ch;
+	for (i=0; i<6; i++) {
+	  station[i] = (this_p->frame_data[n*7+i] >> 1) & 0x7f;
+	}
+	station[6] = '\0';
+
+	for (i=5; i>=0; i--) {
+	  if (station[i] == ' ')
+	    station[i] = '\0';
+	  else
+	    break;
 	}
 
 	ssid = ax25_get_ssid (this_p, n);
@@ -1322,13 +1337,22 @@ void ax25_get_addr_no_ssid (packet_t this_p, int n, char *station)
 	  return;
 	}
 
-	memset (station, 0, 7);
-	for (i=0; i<6; i++) {
-	  unsigned char ch;
+	// At one time this would stop at the first space, on the assumption we would have only trailing spaces.
+	// Then there was a forum discussion where someone encountered the address " WIDE2" with a leading space.
+	// In that case, we would have returned a zero length string here.
+	// Now we return exactly what is in the address field and trim trailing spaces.
+	// This will provide better information for troubleshooting.
 
-	  ch = (this_p->frame_data[n*7+i] >> 1) & 0x7f;
-	  if (ch <= ' ') break;
-	  station[i] = ch;
+	for (i=0; i<6; i++) {
+	  station[i] = (this_p->frame_data[n*7+i] >> 1) & 0x7f;
+	}
+	station[6] = '\0';
+
+	for (i=5; i>=0; i--) {
+	  if (station[i] == ' ')
+	    station[i] = '\0';
+	  else
+	    break;
 	}
 
 } /* end ax25_get_addr_no_ssid */
diff --git a/decode_aprs.c b/decode_aprs.c
index 00f8e80..ab89140 100644
--- a/decode_aprs.c
+++ b/decode_aprs.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //
 //    This file is part of Dire Wolf, an amateur radio packet TNC.
 //
-//    Copyright (C) 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015  John Langner, WB2OSZ
+//    Copyright (C) 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017  John Langner, WB2OSZ
 //
 //    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 //    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -4583,6 +4583,14 @@ static void process_comment (decode_aprs_t *A, char *pstart, int clen)
  *
  *		WB2OSZ-1>APN383,qAR,N1EDU-2:!4237.14NS07120.83W#PHG7130Chelmsford, MA
  *
+ *		New for 1.5:
+ *
+ *		Also allow hexadecimal bytes for raw AX.25 or KISS.  e.g.
+ *
+ *		00 82 a0 ae ae 62 60 e0 82 96 68 84 40 40 60 9c 68 b0 ae 86 40 e0 40 ae 92 88 8a 64 63 03 f0 3e 45 4d 36 34 6e 65 2f 23 20 45 63 68 6f 6c 69 6e 6b 20 31 34 35 2e 33 31 30 2f 31 30 30 68 7a 20 54 6f 6e 65
+ *
+ *		If it begins with 00 or C0 (which would be impossible for AX.25 address) process as KISS.
+ *		Also print these formats.
  *
  * Outputs:	stdout
  *
@@ -4614,11 +4622,16 @@ static void process_comment (decode_aprs_t *A, char *pstart, int clen)
  * TODO:	To make it more useful,
  *			- Remove any leading timestamp.
  *			- Remove any "qA*" and following from the path.
+ *			- Handle non-APRS frames properly.
  *
  *------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #if DECAMAIN
 
+#include "kiss_frame.h"
+
+
+
 /* Stub for stand-alone decoder. */
 
 void nmea_send_waypoint (char *wname_in, double dlat, double dlong, char symtab, char symbol,
@@ -4627,11 +4640,48 @@ void nmea_send_waypoint (char *wname_in, double dlat, double dlong, char symtab,
 	return;
 }
 
+// TODO:  hex_dump is currently in server.c and we don't want to drag that in.
+// Someday put it in a more reasonable place, with other general utilities, and remove the private copy here.
 
 
+static void hex_dump (unsigned char *p, int len)
+{
+	int n, i, offset;
+
+	offset = 0;
+	while (len > 0) {
+	  n = len < 16 ? len : 16;
+	  dw_printf ("  %03x: ", offset);
+	  for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
+	    dw_printf (" %02x", p[i]);
+	  }
+	  for (i=n; i<16; i++) {
+	    dw_printf ("   ");
+	  }
+	  dw_printf ("  ");
+	  for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
+	    dw_printf ("%c", isprint(p[i]) ? p[i] : '.');
+	  }
+	  dw_printf ("\n");
+	  p += 16;
+	  offset += 16;
+	  len -= 16;
+	}
+}
+
+
+// Do we have two hexadecimal digits followed by whitespace or end of line?
+
+#define ISHEX2(x)  (isxdigit(x[0]) && isxdigit(x[1]) && (x[2] == '\0' || isspace(x[2])))
+
+#define MAXLINE 9000
+#define MAXBYTES 3000
+
 int main (int argc, char *argv[]) 
 {
-	char stuff[300];
+	char stuff[MAXLINE];
+	unsigned char bytes[MAXBYTES];
+	int num_bytes;
 	char *p;	
 	packet_t pp;
 
@@ -4686,38 +4736,150 @@ int main (int argc, char *argv[])
 
 	    text_color_set(DW_COLOR_REC);
 	    dw_printf("\n%s\n", stuff);	    
-	 
-	    pp = ax25_from_text(stuff, 1);
-	    if (pp != NULL) 
-            {
-	      decode_aprs_t A;
 
-	      // log directory option someday?
-	      decode_aprs (&A, pp, 0);
+// Do we have monitor format, KISS, or AX.25 frame?
 
-	      //Print it all out in human readable format.
+	    p = stuff;
+	    while (isspace(*p)) p++;
 
-	      decode_aprs_print (&A);
+	    if (ISHEX2(p)) {
 
-	      /*
-	       * Perform validity check on each address.
-	       * This should print an error message if any issues.
-	       */
-	      (void)ax25_check_addresses(pp);
+// Collect a bunch of hexadecimal numbers.
 
-	      // Send to log file?
+	      num_bytes = 0;
 
-	      // if (logdir != NULL && *logdir != '\0') {
-	      //   log_write (&A, pp, logdir);
-	      // }
+	      while (ISHEX2(p) && num_bytes < MAXBYTES) {
 
-	      ax25_delete (pp);
+	        bytes[num_bytes++] = strtoul(p, NULL, 16);
+	        p += 2;
+	        while (isspace(*p)) p++;
+	      }
+
+	      if (num_bytes == 0 || *p != '\0') {
+	        text_color_set(DW_COLOR_ERROR);
+	        dw_printf("Parse error around column %d.\n", (int)(long)(p - stuff) + 1);
+	        dw_printf("Was expecting only space separated 2 digit hexadecimal numbers.\n\n");
+	        continue;	// next line
+	      }
+
+// If we have 0xC0 at start, remove it and expect same at end.
+
+	      if (bytes[0] == FEND) {
+
+		if (bytes[1] != 0) {
+	          text_color_set(DW_COLOR_ERROR);
+	          dw_printf("Was expecting to find 00 after the initial C0.\n");
+	          continue;
+	        }
+
+		if (bytes[num_bytes-1] == FEND) {
+	          text_color_set(DW_COLOR_INFO);
+	          dw_printf("Removing KISS FEND characters at beginning and end.\n");
+		  int n;
+	          for (n = 0; n < num_bytes-1; n++) {
+	            bytes[n] = bytes[n+1];
+	          }
+	          num_bytes -= 2;
+	        }
+	        else {
+	          text_color_set(DW_COLOR_INFO);
+	          dw_printf("Removing KISS FEND character at beginning.  Was expecting another at end.\n");
+		  int n;
+	          for (n = 0; n < num_bytes-1; n++) {
+	            bytes[n] = bytes[n+1];
+	          }
+	          num_bytes -= 1;
+		}
+	      }
+
+
+	      if (bytes[0] == 0) {
+
+// Treat as KISS.  Undo any KISS encoding.
+
+	        unsigned char kiss_frame[MAXBYTES];
+	        int kiss_len = num_bytes;
+
+	        memcpy (kiss_frame, bytes, num_bytes);
+
+	        text_color_set(DW_COLOR_DEBUG);
+	        dw_printf ("--- KISS frame ---\n");
+	        hex_dump (kiss_frame, kiss_len);
+
+	        // Put FEND at end to keep kiss_unwrap happy.
+	        // Having one at the begining is optional.
+
+	        kiss_frame[kiss_len++] = FEND;
+
+		// In the more general case, we would need to include
+	        // the command byte because it could be escaped.
+	        // Here we know it is 0, so we take a short cut and
+	        // remove it before, rather than after, the conversion.
+
+	        num_bytes = kiss_unwrap (kiss_frame + 1, kiss_len - 1, bytes);
+	      }
+
+// Treat as AX.25.
+
+	      alevel_t alevel;
+	      memset (&alevel, 0, sizeof(alevel));
+
+	      pp = ax25_from_frame(bytes, num_bytes, alevel);
+	      if (pp != NULL) {
+	        char addrs[120];
+	        unsigned char *pinfo;
+	        int info_len;
+	        decode_aprs_t A;
+
+	        text_color_set(DW_COLOR_DEBUG);
+	        dw_printf ("--- AX.25 frame ---\n");
+	        ax25_hex_dump (pp);
+	        dw_printf ("-------------------\n");
+
+	        ax25_format_addrs (pp, addrs);
+	        text_color_set(DW_COLOR_DECODED);
+	        dw_printf ("%s:", addrs);
+
+	        info_len = ax25_get_info (pp, &pinfo);
+	        ax25_safe_print ((char *)pinfo, info_len, 1);	// Display non-ASCII to hexadecimal.
+	        dw_printf ("\n");
+
+	        decode_aprs (&A, pp, 0);			// Extract information into structure.
+
+	        decode_aprs_print (&A);			// Now print it in human readable format.
+
+	        (void)ax25_check_addresses(pp);		// Errors for invalid addresses.
+
+	        ax25_delete (pp);
+	      }
+	      else {
+	        text_color_set(DW_COLOR_ERROR);
+	        dw_printf("Could not construct AX.25 frame from bytes supplied!\n\n");
+	      }
+	    }
+	    else {
+
+// Normal monitoring format.
+
+	      pp = ax25_from_text(stuff, 1);
+	      if (pp != NULL) {
+	        decode_aprs_t A;
+
+	        decode_aprs (&A, pp, 0);	// Extract information into structure.
+
+	        decode_aprs_print (&A);		// Now print it in human readable format.
+
+	        (void)ax25_check_addresses(pp);	// Errors for invalid addresses.
+
+	        // Future?  Add -d option to include hex dump and maybe KISS?
+
+	        ax25_delete (pp);
+	      }
+	      else {
+	        text_color_set(DW_COLOR_ERROR);
+	        dw_printf("ERROR - Could not parse monitoring format input!\n\n");
+	      }
 	    }
-	    else 
-	    {
-	      text_color_set(DW_COLOR_ERROR);
-	      dw_printf("\n%s\n", "ERROR - Could not parse input!\n");
-    	    }
 	  }
 	}
 	return (0);
diff --git a/doc/User-Guide.pdf b/doc/User-Guide.pdf
index 5c037f1..8aaaae0 100644
Binary files a/doc/User-Guide.pdf and b/doc/User-Guide.pdf differ
diff --git a/kiss_frame.c b/kiss_frame.c
index 26dd22b..b179ccd 100644
--- a/kiss_frame.c
+++ b/kiss_frame.c
@@ -101,7 +101,9 @@ void text_color_set (dw_color_t c)
 
 #else
 
+#ifndef DECAMAIN
 static void kiss_process_msg (unsigned char *kiss_msg, int kiss_len, int debug);
+#endif
 
 #endif
 
@@ -212,7 +214,7 @@ int kiss_encapsulate (unsigned char *in, int ilen, unsigned char *out)
  *
  *-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-static int kiss_unwrap (unsigned char *in, int ilen, unsigned char *out)
+int kiss_unwrap (unsigned char *in, int ilen, unsigned char *out)
 {
 	int olen;
 	int j;
@@ -278,6 +280,8 @@ static int kiss_unwrap (unsigned char *in, int ilen, unsigned char *out)
 }  /* end kiss_unwrap */
 
 
+#ifndef DECAMAIN
+
 #ifndef KISSTEST
 
 
@@ -687,6 +691,7 @@ void kiss_debug_print (fromto_t fromto, char *special, unsigned char *pmsg, int
 
 #endif
 
+#endif /* DECAMAIN */
 
 /* Quick unit test for encapsulate & unwrap */
 
@@ -730,7 +735,7 @@ int main ()
 	exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
-#endif
+#endif  /* KISSTEST */
 
 #endif /* WALK96 */
 
diff --git a/kiss_frame.h b/kiss_frame.h
index 73167c8..3ef0b3e 100644
--- a/kiss_frame.h
+++ b/kiss_frame.h
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ void kiss_frame_init (struct audio_s *pa);
 
 int kiss_encapsulate (unsigned char *in, int ilen, unsigned char *out);
 
+int kiss_unwrap (unsigned char *in, int ilen, unsigned char *out);
+
 void kiss_rec_byte (kiss_frame_t *kf, unsigned char ch, int debug, int client, void (*sendfun)(int,unsigned char*,int,int)); 
  
 
diff --git a/man1/decode_aprs.1 b/man1/decode_aprs.1
index b7b24d9..4158542 100644
--- a/man1/decode_aprs.1
+++ b/man1/decode_aprs.1
@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ decode_aprs \- Convert APRS raw data to human readable form.
 [ \fItext-file\fR ]
 .RS
 .P
-\fItext-file\fR should contain AX.25 packets in the standard monitoring format.  
+\fItext-file\fR should contain AX.25 packets in the standard monitoring format or
+as a series two digit hexadecimal numbers.
+If the first number is 00 or c0, it will be treated as a KISS frame.
 If no file specified, data will be read from stdin.
 .P
 .RE
@@ -43,12 +45,14 @@ Pipe it into decode_aprs to find out.
 http://www.findu.com/cgi-bin/errors.cgi has a never-ending collection of packets 
 with errors.  Sometimes it's  not  obvious what is wrong with them.  
 Dire Wolf will usually tell you what is wrong.  First,
-cut-n-paste the bad packets into a text file.  Here a couple examples:
+cut-n-paste the bad packets into a text file.  Here a few examples:
 .P
 .RS
 n2cma>APRS,TCPIP*,qAC,SEVENTH:@212127z43.2333n/77.1w_338/002g001t025P000h65b10208.wview_5_19_0
 .P
 K0YTH-10>APNU3B,NULL,qAR,K0DMF-10:!4601.5NS09255.52W#PHG6360/W2,MNn 444.575
+.P
+00 82 a0 ae ae 62 60 e0 82 96 68 84 40 40 60 9c 68 b0 ae 86 40 e0 40 ae 92 88 8a 64 63 03 f0 3e 45 4d 36 34 6e 65 2f 23 20 45 63 68 6f 6c 69 6e 6b 20 31 34 35 2e 33 31 30 2f 31 30 30 68 7a 20 54 6f 6e 65
 .RE
 .P
 If  you  simply  fed  this  into decode_aprs, it would complain about the 
@@ -67,7 +71,7 @@ Address has lower case letters. "n2cma" must be all upper case.
 .P
 After changing the source address to upper case, there are other issues.  Identifying them is left as an exercise for the reader.
 .P
-And in the second example,
+In the second example,
 .P
 .RS
 .PD 0
@@ -77,6 +81,17 @@ Invalid character in longitude.  Found '9' when expecting 0 or 1 for hundreds of
 .PD
 .RE
 
+.P
+In the third example,
+.P
+.RS
+.PD 0
+Warning: Lower case letter in Maidenhead locator.  Specification requires upper case.
+.P
+Digi2 Address, " WIDE2-1" contains character other than letter or digit in character position 1.
+.PD
+.RE
+
 
 
 .SH SEE ALSO